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What is gingivitis and what are the ways to prevent it?

Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease, Gum Disease
 

Gingivitis, sometimes called gum disease or periodontal disease - describes cases of

bacterial accumulation in the oral cavity that, if not treated properly, can eventually lead to gum loss Teeth, as a result of damage to the layer that covers the teeth.

Symptoms of gingivitis
Gingivitis is in its early stages, without specific signs or symptoms, such as pain. Even in the later, more advanced stages of this infection, symptoms may be few and very mild.
Although the symptoms and signs that accompany gum disease are usually minor and minor, gingivitis is accompanied, in most cases, by distinctive signs and symptoms, in particular.
Symptoms of gingivitis include :
Gums bleeding when brushing teeth
Red, swollen (swollen) gums and excessive sensitivity
A foul odor, or a foul taste, is constantly emitted from the mouth
Retraction (retraction) of the gums
Deep gaps/pockets between the gum (Gingiva) and the tooth surface
Loss of teeth or movement of teeth
Changes in the locations of the teeth and in the way they meet and adhere to one another when closing the jaws, or changes in the location of the dental prosthesis or in the location of the crowns.
Even if you do not notice any of these signs, there may be inflammation in the gums, to a certain degree. In some people, gingivitis may affect only part of the teeth, such as only the molars.
A dentist, or periodontist, can diagnose and determine the severity of gingivitis.
Causes and risk factors for gingivitis
The cause of gingivitis is the formation of a layer of germs (plaques) on the surfaces of the teeth.
In addition, some reasons can cause gingivitis, such as:

• Hormonal changes: such as the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, at puberty, at menopause ("menopause"), or during the menstrual cycle. These hormonal changes increase tooth sensitivity and increase the likelihood of gum infections.

• Other diseases: Other diseases in the body may affect the position and integrity of the gums. Among these diseases are cancer or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which affect the immune system in the body. Also, diabetes, which affects the body's ability to absorb sugars in different foods, makes people with it more vulnerable than others to the risk of dental infections, including gingivitis.

• Taking some medications: Some medications may affect the integrity of the oral cavity since some of them cause a decrease in saliva production. Saliva has properties and advantages that provide protection for the gums and teeth. Some medications, such as anticonvulsant medications, such as Dilantin, and medications for pharyngitis, such as Procardia and Adalat, can cause the formation of an abnormal extra layer (tissue) of the gums.

• Bad habits: such as smoking, may cause damage to the ability of the gums to regenerate or recover, automatically.

• Wrong hygiene habits: such as not brushing teeth or not using dental floss daily. These habits will facilitate the emergence of gingivitis.

• Family history: The presence of inflammatory periodontal disease in the family may contribute to the occurrence of gingivitis on a genetic basis.

Diagnosis of periodontitis
Discovering the symptoms of gingivitis during a regular, routine visit to the dentist, the doctor examines the following things:

• Bleeding in the gums, swelling, and pockets (in the spaces between the gums and the teeth. The larger and deeper the pockets, the more severe and dangerous the gingivitis).

• Tooth mobility, tooth sensitivity, and the general healthy structure of the teeth.

• Examination of the jawbones to detect atrophy or fragility (weakness) in the bones that surround and support the teeth.

Gingivitis treatment
Anti- gingivitis periodontal treatment aims to stimulate and facilitate the re-adhesion (re-adhesion) of healthy gum tissue to the tooth surfaces healthily, reduce swelling and reduce the depth of pockets, thus treating the gums and reducing the risk of gingivitis, or curbing and stopping the exacerbation of existing gingivitis. 
Alternatives to gum treatment vary according to the stage of the disease, as well as how the patient's body responds to previous treatments for gingivitis, in addition to the patient's general health status.
The possibilities of gum treatment range from non-surgical treatments aimed at controlling and reducing the number of germs, to treatments that require surgical procedures aimed at restoring the supporting layer of the tooth.
It is possible to completely cure the gums of infections, in almost all cases, by observing and treating the layer of germs that accumulate on the teeth.
Proper treatment of the germ layer includes professional cleaning with a specialist, twice a year, in addition to using dental advice and making sure to brush the teeth daily.
Prevention of gingivitis

• Brushing the teeth: Brushing the teeth with the brush prevents the accumulation of a layer of germs on the surface of the teeth

• Dental floss: while the use of dental advice helps to get rid of food residues and germs and remove them from the spaces between the teeth and under the gum line.

• Mouthwash: According to the directions of the American Dental Association, antibacterial mouthwash products can help reduce the number of germs in the mouth, which in turn leads to the emergence of a layer of germs and the occurrence of gum infections.

• Healthy habits: In addition, changing daily and healthy habits may be useful in reducing the risk of developing gingivitis, or its severity and severity. Among these habits:

1. stop smoking.

1. Not to be subjected to psychological pressure.

1. Maintain a balanced diet.

1.  Refrain from pulling on the teeth forcefully.

Data from the American Academy of Periodontology (Periodontology) states that 30% of people who maintain oral hygiene, and who maintain a healthy lifestyle, are at high risk of developing periodontal infections for genetic reasons.
People who are prone to developing gingivitis for genetic reasons are six times more likely than others to develop gingivitis. If a family member has or has had gum disease, other family members are more likely to get it.
If a person has a natural susceptibility to developing gum disease, the attending physician is likely to advise him to conduct dental examinations at a higher frequency than normal, infrequent intervals, and to conduct professional dental cleaning at the specialist infrequent intervals, and to undergo the necessary treatments to keep the disease under constant follow-up and monitoring.